As this course is step by step and we haven’t learned verbs yet. The objective case in German is called "Akkusativ". Object pronouns in English are: me, you, her, him, it, us, and them. (Object is a noun that receives the action in the sentence.) Object pronouns replace the object of the sentence. In this sentence, the context of “Sie” and the grammatical structure of the sentence are telling us the meaning, because “ist” (is) can’t be used with second-person pronouns. In the above example, “Sie” (she) has to be capitalized because it is coming at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, the context and structure of the sentence tell the nature of “Sie”. Confusion may occur when “Sie” is written at the beginning of a new sentence because every new sentence begins with a capital letter. The structure of the sentence helps to recognize whether it’s “she” or “they”. “sie” with small “s” is used for “she” and “they”. Important: Apart from the second-person pronoun "Sie", there are two more “sie” pronouns in German. If you are not sure which form is to be used, “Sie” is always on safer side. Office colleagues at the same level of a job use “du” but seniors or junior colleagues are normally addressed as “Sie”. Similarly students at same level in a school or university use “du”. When you don’t know somebody or even not familiar with somebody, you would address him/her “Sie”.ĭu is used when people know each other closely, for example family members use “du” for each other. It is used in official writings and talks. Sie (with the capital S) is the formal form. In German, subject pronouns (pronouns in the nominative case) are: These are I, you, he, she, it, we, and they.įor example, we are going to the market. Subject pronouns replace the name of the subject in the sentence. (These names, nominative case, and accusative case are also used in the English language.) In the German language, the subject is "der Nominativ" and the object is the "der Akkusativ". Personal pronouns can be subject pronouns and object pronouns. In the English language personal pronouns are I, we, you, etc. Personal pronouns are used to represent a specific person/persons or a thing/things and are associated with the particular grammatical person, i.e. personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, and reflexive pronouns. Like in English, German also has four categories of pronouns i.e. For example, in the English language, Harry is a doctor. To see the complete explaination of German pronouns, please visit the page German Pronouns under the sectionĪ pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. Note for the visitors who have directly landed on this page from the search engine, this page is part of the step-by-step German learning course at level A1. – I went for a walk with 's course book with extended exercises and explanations When a personal pronoun is used after a preposition and refers to a person, the personal pronoun is in the case required by the preposition. When you have both, a direct object pronoun and an indirect object pronoun in the same sentence, the direct object pronoun always comes first. Whether using one verb, modal verb or perfect form, the pronoun will come after the verb used in second position. Wie geht es Ihnen? – How are you ? (Polite) Note : When using Sie form in a polite way, it would start with capital letter. Sie hat mir gesagt, dass… – She has told me that… To your friends or people of your age you can say du, but your professor at university or Boss at the office is certainly someone you want to address with Sie. It means she and they and it also means you in a polite way. Click here These cases affect the form of pronoun used. Many find these cases to be really annoying. Ich habe die Nudeln gekocht, aber sie war nicht lecker. Everything has one, and you must choose between er, sie, and es based on this gender, not on common sense or the fact that it is it in English. In German, there are three genders: feminine, masculine, and neuter. It’s possible that a situation containing English may yet be formed using er in German. The words for she, he, and it are simply the default translations. Why is it important ? Well, there are two reasons :ġ) They are very important words as they allow you to refer to persons and things without saying their names all the time. Personal pronouns such as I, you, he, her and they, which are used to refer to yourself, the person you are talking to, or other people and things.
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